• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An object of the invention is a set for checking the contact angle between balls and raceways of a ball bearing, which has a tool with a cylindrical body and a spherical element (9) insertable in the raceway of the bearing (1), and verification means (10) to mark and position the contact points (13) of the spherical element (9) on the raceway (3) of the bearing (1). Another object of the invention is a contact angle verification method by means of the previous assembly, with the steps of removing the bolt (12) from the bearing (3), removing one of the balls (2), introducing the verification device. (5) until the contact of the spherical element (9) with the raceway (3), and verification of the contact angle by means of verification (10). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2786107A1
    申请号:ES202030519
    申请日:2020-06-02
    公开日:2020-10-08
    发明作者:Dorronsoro Ibon Altuna；Lores Iñigo Urroz
    申请人:Laulagun Bearings SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0002] SET AND METHOD OF VERIFICATION OF CONTACT ANGLE BETWEEN
    [0004] Field of the invention
    [0006] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bearings, and more specifically to that of ball bearings.
    [0008] Background of the invention
    [0010] Currently there are a large number of ball bearing applications, in which the bearings are subjected to moderate radial loads and small axial loads, and are capable of operating at very high speeds, requiring little maintenance in service, such as motors small and medium size electric.
    [0012] The main problem is that currently there is no method or equipment to verify that the balls that are mounted inside the bearing are working with the correct contact angle when the bearing is assembled, that is, there is no system that measures the angle of contact between the rolling elements and the raceway of the assembled bearing, so there is no way to measure that the contact angles of the balls with the raceways are correct to meet the requirements of the system.
    [0014] Therefore, a system and a method are desirable to verify that the contact angle of the bearing balls is correct, and therefore can adequately meet the requirements.
    [0015] Description of the invention
    [0017] An object of the present invention is a set for checking the contact angle between balls and raceways of a ball bearing, which has a checking tool.
    [0019] Said verification set can be used to measure both the contact angle between balls and outer race, as well as the contact angle between balls and inner race of the bearing.
    [0021] The verification tool is formed by a cylindrical body that is inserted through the hole for inserting and extracting the balls of the bearing once the closing bolt of said hole has been removed, which has a first end and a second end. The cylindrical body is thus adjusted to the insertion and extraction hole of the bearing balls and is fixed in the correct position, preventing the tool from moving to the sides,
    [0023] At the first end, the cylindrical body has a spherical element, which simulates a ball of the bearing, and which is inserted into the raceway. This spherical element will consist of at least half a sphere, although it may be larger, becoming a complete sphere. The spherical element has verification means to mark and position the contact points of the spherical element on the raceway of the bearing, in such a way that the contact positions of the raceway will be marked on said spherical element.
    [0025] In this way, it will be possible to measure the contact positions of the raceway in the spherical element, which represents the bearing, and therefore the contact angle of the balls in the raceway that is, or the exterior, or interior.
    [0027] In order to carry out the verification for different dimensions of balls and bearing diameters, the set is materialized in a set of different tools with different dimensions of the cylindrical body and the spherical element.
    [0028] According to different embodiments of the invention, the verification means can be made by means of a layer of paint arranged on the surface of the spherical element which will be marked by the contact points with the bearing raceway during verification. Thus, once the bearing verification tool is removed, the contact angle can be measured and verified at the marks on the surface of the spherical element.
    [0030] Alternatively, the verification means may have a piezochromic foil disposed on the surface of the spherical element. This piezochromic sheet changes color at the points of contact with the bearing raceway, due to the pressure exerted on these points, which makes it possible to identify these points once the bearing tool has been removed, and to be able to carry out the verification on them.
    [0032] According to another embodiment of the verification means, these can have inductive displacement sensors LVDT to measure the distance between the surface of the spherical element and the raceway. The advantage of this embodiment over the previous ones is that it is not necessary to extract the tool and measure on the marks obtained on the spherical element, but rather the measurement and verification is carried out directly with the tool inserted into the bearing by measuring the distance between the surface of the spherical element and the raceway by means of inductive displacement sensors LVDT.
    [0034] According to this embodiment that includes the inductive LVDT displacement sensors as verification means, preferably the verification assembly can have a clamping element that can be coupled to the bearing and to the verification tool once it has been inserted, which prevents the tool from turning. of verification around its longitudinal axis, that is to say around the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body. In this way, it is avoided that during the measurement by the inductive displacement sensors LVDT the cylindrical body rotates on its own axis, rotating the spherical element with it, thus moving the contact points of the spherical element with the raceway, thus falsifying the measure. This fastening element preferably consists of a pin, although it could have different embodiments.
    [0035] Another object of the present invention is a method of verifying the contact angle between the balls and the raceway of a bearing, which uses the previous verification set. The method has the following stages:
    [0037] - First, the bearing bolt is removed, leaving the hole for inserting and removing the balls of the bearing free.
    [0039] - Then the bearing is turned to align one of the balls with the insertion and extraction hole that has been left free by the removal of the bolt.
    [0041] - The ball is then extracted through the insertion and extraction hole, which will leave enough space for the insertion of the spherical element of the verification tool, which simulates the surface of the bearing ball.
    [0043] - The next step is to insert the verification tool through the ball insertion and extraction hole until the spherical element of the tool comes into contact with the raceway.
    [0045] - Finally, the contact angle between the balls and the raceway is verified by means of verification.
    [0047] Depending on how the means of verification are, the final stage of verifying the angle will have different realizations.
    [0049] If the means of verification are a layer of paint or a piezochromic sheet arranged on the surface of the spherical element, the extraction of the verification tool will be carried out first through the hole for inserting and removing the balls and through the opening of the element. clamping, and subsequently the verification of the contact angle between the balls and the raceway will be carried out by measuring the points marked on the surface of the spherical element, using a half moon or conventional angle meter.
    [0051] Alternatively, if the verification means have inductive LVDT displacement sensors arranged on the surface of the spherical element, they measure the contact angle directly by measuring the distance between the spherical element and the raceway, so that the verification of the contact angle between the balls and the raceway is carried out directly without removing the verification tool from the bearing.
    [0053] According to the previous embodiment, if the verification means have inductive LVDT displacement sensors, before carrying out the verification, a clamping element is placed that can be coupled to the bearing and to the verification tool once it has been inserted, which prevents the tool from turning. of verification around its longitudinal axis, that is to say around the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body, which would lead to erroneous measurements due to the rotation of the contact points. This clamping element preferably consists of a pin that is inserted into the bearing and in a slot of the verification tool made therein for this purpose, preventing the verification tool from turning around its longitudinal axis.
    [0055] Brief description of the drawings
    [0057] Next, to facilitate understanding of the invention, by way of illustration but not limitation, an embodiment of the invention will be described which refers to a series of figures.
    [0059] Figure 1 is a sectional view of a ball bearing. Specifically, in this case the bearing has two rows of balls. The figure shows the standard bearing bolt that closes the ball insertion and extraction hole in the bearing.
    [0061] Figure 2 is a view similar to that of Figure 1 in which the bolt has been removed, leaving the hole for inserting and removing the balls aligned with one of the balls to proceed with its removal.
    [0063] Figure 3 is a view of the bearing of Figures 1 and 2 from which a ball has been removed, and also shows the verification tool before being inserted into the bearing.
    [0065] Figure 4 is a view similar to that of figure 3 but with the verification tool inserted into the bearing through the insertion and extraction hole.
    [0066] Figures 5a and 5b show a particular embodiment of the verification tool of an assembly object of the present invention.
    [0068] In these figures, reference is made to a set of elements that are:
    [0069] 1. bearing
    [0070] 2. ball bearing
    [0071] 3. bearing raceway
    [0072] 4. bearing ball insertion hole
    [0073] 5. verification tool
    [0074] 6. cylindrical body of the checking tool
    [0075] 7. first end of cylindrical body
    [0076] 8. second end of cylindrical body
    [0077] 9. spherical element of the verification tool
    [0078] 10. means of verification
    [0079] 11. handle
    [0080] 12. bearing pin
    [0081] 13. contact points of the spherical element on the raceway
    [0083] Detailed description of the invention
    [0085] An object of the present invention is a set for checking the contact angle between balls 2 and raceways 3 of a ball bearing 1.
    [0087] As the figures show, the assembly has a verification tool 5, which has a cylindrical body 6, configured to be inserted through the insertion and extraction hole 4 of the balls 2 of the bearing 1 once the bolt 12 has been removed. closure of said insertion and extraction hole 4. The cylindrical body 6 has a first end 7 and a second end 8. At the first end 7 of the cylindrical body 6 there is arranged a spherical element 9, which simulates a ball 2 of the bearing 1 , and which is the one that is inserted into the raceway of bearing 1. The spherical element 9 has verification means 10 to mark and position the contact points 13 of the spherical element 9 in the raceway 3 of the bearing 1, of such that the contact positions on the raceway 3 will be marked on said spherical element 9.
    [0088] Thus it will be possible to measure the contact positions of the raceway 3 in the spherical element 9, which represents the bearing 1, and therefore the contact angle of the balls 2 in the raceway 3 can be verified, being able to be This is the outer race 3 or the inner race 3 of the bearing.
    [0090] According to different embodiments of the invention, the verification means 10 can be made in different ways.
    [0092] In the first place, the verification means 10 can be made by means of a layer of paint arranged on the surface of the spherical element 9, which will be marked by the contact points 13 with the raceway 3 of the bearing 1 in the verification. Thus, once the verification tool 5 is removed from the bearing 1, the contact angle can be measured and verified at the marks on the surface of the spherical element 9.
    [0094] Alternatively, the verification means 10 may have a piezochromic sheet arranged on the surface of the spherical element 9. This piezochromic sheet changes color at the contact points 13 with the raceway 3 of the bearing 1, due to the pressure exerted on said points, which makes it possible to identify these points once tool 5 has been removed from bearing 1, and to be able to carry out the verification on them.
    [0096] According to another embodiment of the verification means 10, they can have inductive displacement sensors LVDT to measure the distance between the surface of the spherical element 9 and the raceway 3. The advantage that this embodiment presents over the previous ones is that it is not necessary remove the verification tool 5 and measure on the marks obtained on the spherical element 9, but instead the measurement and verification is carried out directly with the tool 5 inserted in the bearing 1 by measuring the distance between the surface of the spherical element 9 and the raceway 3 by means of inductive displacement sensors LVDT, which in particular can have a precision of 0.0001 mm. Figures 5a and 5b show a particular embodiment of the verification tools 5, which include inductive LVDT displacement sensors as verification means 10.
    [0097] According to this embodiment, which includes the inductive displacement sensors LVDT as verification means 10, preferably the verification assembly can have a clamping element that can be coupled to the bearing 1 and to the verification tool 5 once it has been inserted, which avoids the rotation of the verification tool 5 around its longitudinal axis, that is to say around the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body 6. This prevents the cylindrical body 6 from rotating around its own axis during the measurement by the inductive displacement sensors LVDT , rotating with it the spherical element 9, thus moving the contact points 13 of the spherical element 9 with the raceway 3, thus falsifying the measurement. This clamping element preferably consists of a pin that is inserted into the bearing and into a housing of the inductive displacement sensors LVDT, although it could have different embodiments.
    [0099] Preferably the verification tool 5 has a handle 11 arranged at the second end 8 of the cylindrical body 6, which will facilitate the grip and handling of the verification tool 5 by the user, to exert pressure with it more comfortably.
    [0101] According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the spherical element 9 is integral with the first end 7 of the cylindrical body 6, being permanently attached to it.
    [0103] Alternatively, the spherical element 9 is removable from the first end 7 of the cylindrical body 6, which will allow its storage when not in use. According to this embodiment, the spherical element 9 will have a connection system to the first end 7 of the cylindrical body 6.
    [0105] Another object of the present invention is a method of verifying the contact angle between the balls 2 and the raceway 3 of a bearing 1, which uses the verification set described above. The method has the following stages:
    [0107] - First, the standard bolt 12 is removed from bearing 1, thus leaving free the hole for inserting and removing balls 2 from bearing 1.
    [0108] - Then the bearing 1 is rotated to align the ball 2 to be extracted with the insertion and extraction hole 4 that has left the removal of the bolt 12 free.
    [0110] - Next, one of the balls 2 of the bearing 1 is extracted through the insertion and extraction hole 4 that leaves the removal of the bolt 12, which will leave enough space for the insertion of the spherical element 9 of the verification tool 5, which simulates the surface of a ball 2 of bearing 1.
    [0112] - Subsequently, the verification tool 5 will be inserted through the insertion and extraction hole 4 of the balls 2 until the contact of the spherical element 9 of the verification tool 5 with the raceway 3.
    [0114] Therefore, to gain access with the spherical element 9 to the raceway 3, the verification tool 5 must be pushed manually in the direction shown in the arrow in figure 4, and inserted through the insertion and extraction hole 4 of the balls 2. The tool 5 will be pushed until the spherical element 9 is in contact with the raceway 3 and cannot advance further. In this way, the surface of the spherical element 9 will make contact with the raceway 3 at the two points that are intended to be identified, as seen in figure 4.
    [0116] - Finally, the contact angle between the balls 2 and the raceway 3 is verified by means of verification means 10.
    [0118] Depending on how the verification means 10 are, the final stage of verifying the angle will be done in a different way.
    [0120] If the verification means 10 are a layer of paint or a piezochromic sheet arranged on the surface of the spherical element 9, first the extraction of the verification tool 5 will be carried out through the insertion and extraction hole 4 of the balls 2 and by the opening 13 of the clamping element 12, and subsequently the contact angle between the balls 2 and the raceway 3 will be verified, the measurement being carried out on the points marked on the surface of the spherical element 9 by means of a crescent or meter of angles.
    [0121] Alternatively, if the verification means 10 are inductive LVDT displacement sensors arranged on the surface of the spherical element 9, they measure the contact angle directly by measuring the distance between the spherical element 9 and the raceway 3, thus Since the verification of the contact angle between the balls 2 and the raceway 3 is carried out directly without removing the verification tool 5 from the bearing, the information from the sensors will be read in real time and the contact angles will be established more quickly.
    [0123] According to the previous embodiment, if the verification means 10 include inductive displacement sensors LVDT, that is, around the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body 6, which would lead to erroneous measurements due to the rotation of the contact points 13. This clamping element it preferably consists of a pin that is inserted into the bearing 1 and into a slot of the verification tool 5 made therein for this purpose, preventing the rotation of the verification tool around its longitudinal axis. Alternatively the fastener may include different embodiments.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    1. Set for verifying contact angle between balls and raceways of a ball bearing, characterized in that it comprises
    - a verification tool (5), which in turn comprises
    - a cylindrical body (6) configured to be inserted through the insertion and extraction hole (4) of balls (2) of the bearing (1), comprising a first end (7) and a second end (8),
    - a spherical element (9) attached to the first end (7) of the cylindrical body (6) insertable in the raceway of the bearing (1),
    - and verification means (10) arranged on the spherical element (9) configured to mark and position the contact points (13) of the spherical element (9) on the raceway (3) of the bearing (1).
    [2]
    2. Set for verifying the contact angle between balls and raceways of a ball bearing, according to claim 1, in which the verification means (10) comprise a layer of paint arranged on the surface of the spherical element (9 ) configured to be marked by the contact points (13) with the raceway (3) of the bearing (1).
    [3]
    3. Contact angle verification assembly between balls and raceways of a ball bearing, according to claim 1, in which the verification means (10) comprise a piezochromic sheet arranged on the surface of the spherical element configured to change colored at the contact points (13) with the raceway (3) of the bearing (1).
    [4]
    4. Set for checking the contact angle between balls and raceways of a ball bearing, according to claim 1, in which the checking means (10) comprise inductive LVDT displacement sensors configured to measure the distance between the surface of the spherical element (9) and the raceway (3).
    [5]
    5. Assembly for checking the contact angle between balls and raceways of a ball bearing, according to the preceding claim, comprising a clamping element.
    [6]
    6. Set for verification of contact angle between balls and raceways of a ball bearing, according to the preceding claim, in which the clamping element is a pin configured to be inserted into the bearing and a slot of the verification tool 5 .
    [7]
    7. Assembly for checking the contact angle between balls and raceways of a ball bearing, according to any of the preceding claims, in which the checking tool (5) comprises a handle (11) arranged at the second end ( 8) of the cylindrical body (6).
    [8]
    8. Assembly for verifying contact angle between balls and raceways of a ball bearing, according to any of the preceding claims, in which the spherical element (9) is integral with the first end (7) of the cylindrical body ( 6).
    [9]
    9. Contact angle verification assembly between balls and raceways of a ball bearing, according to any of claims 1 to 7, in which the spherical element (9) is removable from the first end (7) of the cylindrical body (6).
    [10]
    10. Method of verifying the contact angle between balls and raceways of a bearing by means of the contact angle verification assembly of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises the steps of
    - removal of the bolt (12) from the bearing (3),
    - rotation of the bearing 1 to align a ball (2) with the insertion and extraction hole 4 that leaves the removal of the bolt (12) free,
    - extraction of the ball (2) from the bearing (3) through the insertion and extraction hole (4),
    - introduction of the verification tool (5) through the insertion and extraction hole (4) of the balls (2) up to the contact of the spherical element (9) of the verification tool (5) with the raceway (3),
    - verification of the contact angle between the balls (2) and the raceway (3) by means of verification means (10).
    [11]
    11. Method of verifying the contact angle between balls and raceways of a bearing, according to claim 10, wherein
    - the verification means (10) are selected from a layer of paint and a piezochromic sheet arranged on the surface of the spherical element (9), and - the extraction of the verification tool (5) of the contact angle through the hole of introduction and extraction (4) of the balls (2) before verifying the contact angle between the balls (2) and the raceway (3).
    [12]
    12. Method of verifying the contact angle between balls and raceways of a bearing, according to claim 10, wherein
    - the verification means (10) comprise inductive LVDT displacement sensors arranged on the surface of the spherical element (9), and
    - the contact angle between the balls (2) and the raceway (3) is verified without removing the contact angle verification device (5).
    [13]
    13. Method of verifying the contact angle between the balls and the raceways of a bearing, according to the preceding claim, in which before carrying out the verification, a clamping element is attached to the bearing 1 and the verification tool 5. once it has been inserted, which prevents the verification tool 5 from turning around its longitudinal axis.
    [14]
    14. Method for verifying the contact angle between the balls and the raceways of a bearing, according to the preceding claim, in which the clamping element comprises a pin that is inserted in the bearing 1 and in a slot of the tool of verification 5.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2786107B2|2021-02-25|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4576499A|1981-04-06|1986-03-18|O & S Manufacturing Company|Ball and socket joints with wear indicator|
    US5223793A|1991-04-29|1993-06-29|Intex Inc.|Apparatus for controlled rotation of a sphere or ball for inspecting or marking the surface with a predetermined pattern|
    US5565623A|1993-09-30|1996-10-15|Aircraft Gear Corporation|Method and means for measuring wear in constant velocity joints|
    US6298570B1|1999-12-22|2001-10-09|Dana Corporation|Gage assembly and method|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES202030519A|ES2786107B2|2020-06-02|2020-06-02|ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF VERIFICATION OF THE CONTACT ANGLE BETWEEN THE BALLS AND THE TRACKS OF A BEARING|ES202030519A| ES2786107B2|2020-06-02|2020-06-02|ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF VERIFICATION OF THE CONTACT ANGLE BETWEEN THE BALLS AND THE TRACKS OF A BEARING|
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